Compound automatic safety apparatus



Oct. 25, 1932.

s. H. LOPEZ 4,

COMPOUND AUTOMATIC SAFETY APPARATUS Fil ed 0013. 14, 1.930 2 Sheets-Sheet Fg 1. Z 24 I l g 3" I I I I r 3 I a 66 4' 39 I I C) 75 INVENTOR. fialm giarfl up,

A TTORNE Y.

Oct. 25, 1932. s. H. LOPEZ COMPOUND-AUTOMATIC SAFETY APPARATUS Filed Oct. 14, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i r V EN TOR. Ealwzdarfi. Lopez,

ATTORNEY.

Patented Oct. 25, 1932 UNITED STATES SALVADOR ERREJON tornz, or. MEXICO, MEXICO COMPOUND AUTOMATIC SAFETY APPARATUS Application filed October 14, 1930, Serial No. 488,672, and in Mexico October 22, 1929.

This invention relates to a compound automatic safety apparatus designed primarily for use in connection with steam generators or boilers, but it is to be understood that an apparatus in accordance with this inventionmay be used in any connection for which it may be found applicable, and the invention has for its object to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth for automatically con trolling the passage of the steam pressure from the generator or boiler when something is abnormal in the working of the latter for shutting off the supply of fuel to-the boiler or generator to discontinue the operation 5 thereof for putting out the fire in the fire box purpose set forth including means to prevent the plugs from coming indirect contact with the steam or water of the boiler or generator whereby the life of'the plugs are ma- 25 terially enhanced as they are immune to lime incrustations and to the cooling of the fusible material by steam.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth a 30 compound automatic safety apparatus in:

cluding lower water and temperature limiters functioning to provide for the cut-E of the fuel supply, the sounding of an alarm or for other purposes. 35 Further objects of the invention are'to an apparatus of the class referred to which is strong, durable, compact, thoroughly'efli provide in a manner as hereinafter set forthv resorted to which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

In the drawings wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts throughout the several views Figure 1 is a fragmentary View in longitudlnal vertical section of aboiler or steam generator of a type to burn liquid or gaseous fuels, showing the adaptation therewith of a compound automatic safety apparatusin accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary view in vertical section, showing the steam pressure control-. ling piston valve and the automatically releasable shifting mechanism therefor.

Figure 3' is a sectionon line 33 Figure 2.

F gure 4 is a view on line 4- 4 Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary View in horizontal section on line 55 Figure2.

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of the fuse plug.

Figure 7 is a top plan view of the plug.

Flgure 8 is a top plan View of Figure 2 and upon a reduced scale. v

Referring to the drawings in detail, 1 is. the fireplace, box or combustion chamber of the boiler or steam generator, 2 the ceiling or crown sheet of the fire place, 3, heating tubes, a refractory lining and floor, 5 air supply opening to the fire box, 6 the bottom plate of the fire box, 7 the water space that surrounds the fire box, 8 opening for access to the fire box, 9 a door frame, 10 door for closing opening 8,11 top wall of steam space merging in the dome 12 in whichis stored the dry steam, 13 is an aperture into which is positioned a liquid fuel burner 14 which atomizes the fuel in the fire box 1, 15 is a feed line for the fuel that extends from the supply valve mechanism 114:, the latter forming an automatic closure to cut-off supply tothe burner 14, 16 is a supplyline that connects the fuel reservoir with the valve; mechanism 114, 17 is a hand operated valve 95 i for cutting off the supply of fue'l, 18 is the fuel reservoir. 19 is a line for conducting steam pressure to the atomizer 19 of the burner 14, and 20 is a hand operated valve for controlling the steam pressure to-the atomizer of the burner. The line 19 leads from the steam space of the boiler.

The apparatus includes a retaining lever 24, more clearly shown in Figure 2 and which comprises an inverted yoke-shaped central portion 24 and a pair of flat rectangular arms arranged in parallel spaced relation, standing on their lower longitudinal edges and projecting laterally in opposed directions from the sides of portion 24' of lever 24. One end of said arms are indicated at 33 and the other at 34. The arms of lever 24 also function as retainers. The lower face of the top of portion 24 is provided with a socket 28. The apparatus also includes a pair of spaced, parallel pins 40, 42, each having upper and lower threaded ends and a shoulder intermediate the ends. The shoulders on pin 40 are indicated at 40 and that on pin 42 at 42. The pins 40, 42 extend up between and beyond the arms and are arranged adjacent to the sides of portion 24 of lever 24.

Positioned upon the outer ends 33, at the top of the retainers is a bridge plate 27. Mounted upon the outer ends 34, at the top of the retainers is a bridge piece 29. Secured to the upper ends of the pins 40,42 are retaining nuts 21, 22 respectively. Surrounding the pin 42 and interposed between nut 22 and the top edge of the retainers is an apertured holding block or plate 26 having its opening of greater diameter than pin 42. Surrounding the pin 40, seating on shoulder 40 and extending up between the retainers is a holding block or plate 36 having its opening of greater diameter than pin 40. The functions of the blocks or plates 26, 36 will be hereinafter referred to. The plate 36 is shown as positioned when it is active and the plate 26 is illustrated as positioned when it is inactive. The plates 26, 36 can be arranged to bridge the arms of the levers or positioned between said arms. The nuts 21, 22 function when the plates 26, 36 are active. But one plate 26 or 36 is active at one time.

The apparatus also includes a pair of tug rods 35, 38 the former coacting with the fusible plug of the low water element and the latter coacting with the fusible plug of the temperature limiter element and these ele ments will be hereinafter referred to. The major portion of the lengths of the rods 35, 38 are enclosed by vertically disposed tubes 39, 43 respectively, have their upper ends positioned between the pair of retainers provided by the arms of lever 24. The tug rods 35, 38 have upper and lower threaded ends. The rod 35 extends above the upper end of tube 39 and beyond the top edges of the retainers. The thread-ed upper end of rod 35 carries a nut 23 for maintaining bridge plate 27 against the top edges of the retainers. The rod 38 extends above the upper end of tube 43 and beyond the top edges of the retainers.

The threaded upper end of rod 38 carries a nut 25 for maintaining bridge plate 29 against the top edges of the retainers. The bridge plates 27, 29 are held in the position referred to when the tugs 35, 38 are coupled to the fuse plugs of the low water and temperature limiter elements. The bridge plates 27, 29 prevent the shifting of the lever 24 when the tug rods are coupled with the fuse plugs.

The steam pressure controlling apparatus also includes a valve comprising a spring controlled piston rod 52 having its upper end extended into socket 28. Upon the upper end of rod 52 the lever 24 can pivot when either tug rod is released by its fused plug under such conditions releasing the piston rod 52 from the action of its controlling 7 spring. Under normal conditions the piston rod 52 is held in its lowered position against the action of its controlling spring. The upper end 31 of piston rod 52 carries a nut 30 which retains in encompassing position with respect to rod- 52 and below the latter a flanged collar 32 which abuts nut 30. The lower end of the rod 52 carries a piston valve 68 which operates in a housing 46 formed of a pair of oppositely disposed sections provided with abutting apertured flanges 55, 58 and extending through the apertures of the flanges are the pins 40, 42 carrying on their lower threaded ends binding nuts 67, 61 respectively which abut the flange 58. Seated on the flange 55 is a pair of oppositely disposed yokes 47, 48 standing on their lower side edge and open at their outer ends. The tube 39 and pin 40 ext-ends up through yoke 47. The tube 43 and pin 42 extends up through yoke 48. A pair of spaced parallel holdfast devices 49 connect the arms of yoke 47 together and between said devices the tube 39 passes. spaced parallel holdfast devices 49 connect the arms of yoke 48 together and between such devices the tube 43 passes. A pair of holding members 44, 45 are mounted on pins 40, 42 respectively and are interposed between shoulders 40, 42 and the top edges of yokes 47, 48 respectively and which in connection with the nuts 67, 61 secure the sections of housing 46 together. I

The upper section of housing 46 has an opening registering with an upstanding tubular extension 41 and a depending collar 50 integral with said section. The rod 52 is mounted in the extension, opening and collar, projects above the extension and depends below the collar 50. The collar 32 is arranged at the top of extension 41. Surrounding the extension 41 and interposed between the cob lar 32 and upper section of housing 46 is the controlling spring 37 for the piston rod 52.

The piston valve 68 separates the housing 46 into an upper outlet and a lower intake compartment 51, 7 0 respectively and normal- A. pair of l is? The. seat 51 to a pressure, operated controlling mecha-,

nism 121 is a steam pressure conducting line 75. The mechanism 121, not only controls the fuel supply valve 114 for shifting itto' closed position, but also controls the opening of a steam pressure conducting line 111 lead ing to a signal 112. The mechanism 121 is so constructed and arranged as to function in a manner to open line 111 to line 75 and to close the supply valve 114 when communication is established between the compartments 51 and 70. i The top wall 11 of the steam space is provided with a pair of openings 56, 57, the former being of greater diameter than the other. The wall of the opening 57 is threaded. Arranged upon the wall 11 and extending across the opening 56 is a sealing plate 78 and interposed between the latter and the wall-11 is a packing 79. The plate-78 is secured to the;

wall'll by holdfast'devices which have threaded engagement with said wall 11. The plate 78 is formed with an opening 81 which is of materially less diameter than the diam-' eter ofopening 56, but the diameter of opening 81 is such as to snugly fit the periphery of tube 39. The latter extends through plate 78, opening 56 and depends below the wall 11.

Extending into plate 78, as well as being-v 35, secured thereto is a packing structure 82 which surrounds the tube 39.

Threadedly engaging with the wall of the opening 57 is a packing structure 83 which surrounds the tube 43, and the latter depends below the wall 11. The tug rod 35 depends below the lower end of the tube 39. The tug rod 38 has its lower end positioned above the lower end of the tube 43.

The crown sheet 2 is formed with a pair of openings 84, 85, the former being of greater diameter than the latter. The wall of each of the openings 84, 85 is threaded. Secured to the threaded wall of opening 84 and extending upwardly into the water or steam space of the boiler or generator is a sleeve 86 provided with an inwardly extending annular flange 87 having the free edge thereof threaded.

Extending through the sleeve 86, depending a substantial distance into the fire box and extending a substantial distance above the flange 87 is a compound fuse plug 88 consisting of a socket forming member having its upper part 88' of greater diameter than its lower part 89. The part 88 is provided with peripheral threads for engaging with. the

threads of the flange 87 whereby the socketforming member is connected to the sleeve 86. The part 88 has interior threads 91 with which threadedly engage the lower end 65 of the tube 39 whereby the latter is detachably connected to the fuse plug. The top of the part .88 is provided with upstanding spaced lugs 92 to facilitate the securing of the plugs in sleeve 86. The socket provided n by the socket forming member is indicated at 92 and has the bottom thereof spaced a substantial distance above the bottom of the plug. The part 89 of the socket forming member is of materially less diameter than the inner die ameter of the sleeve 86 thereby providing a space 93 surrounding such part and with such space opening into the fire box. The part 89 of the socket forming member is shown with a port 94 which opens into the space 93. The

port 94 is arranged at the bottom of the socket 92; Carried by the socket forming member is a sectional fusible body and one section of the latter is indicated at95 and its other section at 96. The section 95 is peripherally threaded as at 97 and is formed of material fusing at a greater temperature than the material from which the section 96 is formed. The section 95 is flanged, as at 98 on its inner face and the section 96 overlaps the flange 98. Each of the sections of the fusible body are tubular. Extending through the section '96 and normally secured-thereto an anchoring member 99 provided with a head 100 at its lower end and having its upper end threaded as at 101. The member 99 extends a substantial distance above the section 95. The member 99 is coupled to the tug rod 35 by a. union 102 which has threaded engagement with the lower end of the tug rod 35 and the upper end of the member 99. Under normal conditions the section 96 of the fusible body and the member 99 maintains the tug rod 35 from movement and bridge plate 27 acts in connection with rod 35 to prevent the shifting of the lever 24 by the controlling spring 37 of the steam pressure of the controlling valve. When the section 96 of the fusible body is fused the tug rod 35-will be released,'due to the fact that member 99 can shift upwardly through section 95 of the fusible body until head 100 abuts the flange 98. When the section 96' is fused it will flow past the head 100 and out through port 94. The head 100 is of materially less diameter than the inner diameter of section 95 but of such diameter to abut against the lower end of section 96 of the fusible body. The section 95 has upstanding lugs 103 to facilitate the screwing of the fusiblebody in the socket 92 for the purpose of connecting the fusible body to the wall of the socket 92. The

peripheral threads 97 of the section 95 en lit The outer face of the part 107 is peripherally threaded for engagement with the threads of the wall of the. opening 85. The inner face of the part 107 is threaded for engagement with the peripheral threads 108 formed on the outer face of the sectional fusible body 109 constructed in the same manner as the fusible body formed of the sections 95 and 96. The fusible body carried by the sleeve 105 includes a headed anchoring member 110 which performs a like function as that of the member 99, but with respect to the tug rod 38. The member 110 is connected to the tug rod 38 by a union 111 having threaded engagement with the lower end of the rod 88 and the upper end of the member 110. The sleeve 105 has upstanding spaced lugs 112 to facilitate for positioning it in the opening 85. The fusible body 109 is acted upon directly by the heat from the fire box whereas the fusible body formed of the sections 95, 96 is indirectly heated from the fire box due to the arrangement of the sleeve 86 and pocket forming member.

As to the temperature limiting element when the boiler or generator functions normally, the heating parts, among them. crown sheet 2 and sleeve 106, are covered by the water, so that the heating parts preserve a temperature equal to that of the water which is in contact with them: but. when the said heating parts such as sheet 2 and sleeve 106 are not cooled by the water, then they gain temperature, that may reach the red point or even that of fusion, according to the intensity of the fire in the fire box. When the temperature of the sheet 2 and the sleeve 106 reaches the melting point of theinner section of the fusible plug within sleeve 106, such section melts and releases the head of member 110 which permits the latter to ascend and expel the melted material downwardly through sleeve 106, as the inner section of the fusible plug within sleeve 106 has lost its consistency to hold the piston valve 68 against the tension of spring 37. When member 110 is released the tug 38 will be caused to ascend, raising one end of lever 24 permitting piston valve 68 to ascend to open communication between the compartments 50 and 71 to provide for the steam pressure to be conducted to the mech anism 121 and the latter will operate in a manner to provide for the closing of the fuel supply and sounding of an alarm. As the fuel is cut off, the fire goes out in the fire box, preventing thus the grave possibility of the explosion of the boiler or generator by steam or the destruction of the eating parts of the apparatus, through the excessive heating to which those parts are exposed. Serious danger to public safety, and to the preservation of the apparatuses results when the temperature is not controlled automatically and such maximum temperature kept as the parts can safely stand. A very essential point is that of the safety sleeve 86 is covered by the water,

which causes these parts to keep the temperature of the water in contact with them; but when the upper portion of safety sleeve 86 is being uncovered from the water, then all the body of this sleeve acquires an elevation of temperature because of the heat transmitted to it by the member 88, constantly; a temperature that reaches only to the fusion point of the fusible body or plug located in it. In conditions that the water fails to cool the peripheral part of the safety sleeve 86, then this fusible body or plug gains temperature, and as the fusible plug is screwed to the member 88, the temperature that the member 88 gains, is transmitted to the fusible body'or plug. When the temperature of the safety sleeve 86 reaches'that of the melting point of the fusible body or plug in member 88 the plug melts, releasing the head of member 99 permitting of the latter to ascend and expelling the fusible material downwards by the small annular space around said head, because said material has lost the consistency to resist the tension of the piston valve 68 and spring 37. On the release of member 99 the latter and the tug 35 will ascend releasing one end of lever 24:; The controlling spring 37 for the piston valve 68 will not only shift tug and lever 24 but also will shift valve 68 upwards, the steam pressure, following the identical road inclicated in the preceding paragraph for a like purpose.

As soon as the apparatus has functioned, with respect to the boiler or generator, an alarm signal is sounded by means of the whistle 112 which is connected by the line 111 to the mechanism 121. The alarm calls at tention to abnormality in the performance of the boiler or generator.

WVhen the apparatus is operated, one of the two fusible plugs melts to provide safety, after which it is indispensable, to be fully protected to place a new fusible plug in position for the one melted. To replace the new fusible plug, one first of all to be provided against accidents, see that the boiler or generator is injected with water necessary to keep the desired level; this done, the valve 68 is closed, by means of mounting the plate 26 in the lever 24 by giving said plate one-fourth of ion a turn, then screw ortighten the nut 21v if the element for low water level has been operated, or the same action would beapplied to the plate 36 and the nut 22 in'case that the element limiter of temperature has operated for maintaining in low position the lever 46. The controlling valve is closed while the melted fusible plug is being replaced. -As this plug, after having melted, keeps supporting the tension of the valve 68 and of the spring 37, as soon as this valve has been closedand there is no more steam escaping by the whistle, proceed to unscrew, until its removal, the nut of the tug of the melted fusible plug, and to remove the plate that presses this nut, after which, introducing a toothed key in the protection tube of the fusible plug that has functioned, this plug is unscrewed, withdrawing ittogether with its tug. Then having said fusible plug out, the coupling is unscrewed from an anchoring member leaving the tug in it in the coupling for the purpose of placing in the same coupling another'fusible plug, this can be introduced with the tug and by means of it, in the aforesaid protecting tube, so that when the new fusible plug is positioned it has its tug fixed, thereto. Afterwards, the moved plate is replaced and the nut is screwed to the sametug, until pressing the lever 24 and, consequently, the controlling valve 68, for the object that, this valve being closed, no steam should passto the closing cylinder, and this being done, the nut then compresses the lever 24 is unscrewed and the plate corresponding to one or the other of these two nuts, giving it a fourth of a turn, it is carried to the' low position, betweenthe arms of said lever 24. The plates26 and 36, in the low position, will show, at first sight, if the elements of the apparatus have their fusible plugs in place. The plates 26 and 36 are of greater length than width so they can be positioned between or seated upon the arms of lever 24:.

The two fusible plugs are of different mechanical design because the apparatus operates with its two elements combined: Low water and temperature limiter. The low water element operates when the upper part of its fusible plug is no more refrigerated, that is when there is a determinate quantity of water over the crown plate'of the fire chamber 2; and the temperature limiter element operates when there is an overheating in the calefaction plate 2, due to incrustations on that plate, to lack of water, or to great amount of fire.

The plate or bar 26 is shown in Figure2 in different position from the plate or bar 36, but these two plates or bars are of the same shape and have the same application: to press or to keep in the corresponding side the lever part 24, while replacingeither of the fusibles. The plate or bar 26in the posi tions shown in the drawings, shows, atfirst sight, that the temperature limiter element can not operate, because its fusible I was melted, or because, the idea was and is actually indicated in the description, showing it at the very moment in which a new fusible has been placed in the temperature limiter element and is to be loosened by nut so that giving a quarter of a turn to the plate or bar 26, this will be in the same low position as the bar 36 is.

The plates or bars 26 and 36 must always be placed in the low position, so that the two elements will operate n0rmally,because' the high position of either of the-two plates indicates the lack of one of the fusible, or that in case it has been placed already, themechanism is not yet in the proper position.

- By the above it can be seen, that the operation of the valve 68 is correct, and that-the plates or bars 26 and 36 have two-objects: as supporting means of the lever 24, while the replacement of one of the fusibles is being made; and as indicating means, at first sight, that one of the fusibles is to be placed, or that the entire mechanism is in the proper position to operate.

vWhat I claim is 1. In an automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators for indicating low water therein and abnormal working thereof, a steam pressure conducting line leading from the steam space of theboiler to the point desired for utilization of the steam pressure conducted by such line, said line having interposed therein a normally closed, spring controlled controlling valve therefor for normally closing it to prevent the passage of steam pressure th-erethrough, means acting upon the stem of said valve for normally maintaining the latter closed against the action of its controlling spring, a lowiwater limiter including a fusible body, said limiter positioned above the crown sheet of the fire box of the boiler, and a temperature lim-' iter including a fusible body, said tempera ture limiter positioned in the crown sheet of the fire box of the boiler, said fusible bodies coupled with said means for normally maintaining it active'and adapted when fused. to permit of the controlling spring of said valve to shift the latter to a position to open: said line.

, 2. In'an automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators for indicating low Water therein and abnormal working thereof, a

steam pressure conducting line leading from. the steam space of the boiler to the point desired for utilization of the steam pressure conducted by such line, said line having interposed therein a normally closed, spring controlled controllingvalve therefor for normally closing it to prevent the passage of. steam pressure therethrough, means acting upon the stem of said valve for normally maintaining the latter closed against the action of its controlling spring, a low water limiter including a fusible body, said limiter positioned above the crown sheet of the fire box of the boiler, a temperature limiter including a fusible body, said temperature limiter positioned in the crown sheet of the fire box of the boiler, said fusible bodies coupled with said means for normally maintaining it active and adapted when fused to permit of the controlling spring of said valve to shift the latter to a position to open said line, said valve arranged above the top wall of the steamspace of the boiler, and said means arranged above such wall, extending through the latter and into the steam space and coupled to said limiters.

3. In an automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators for indicating low water therein and abnormal working thereof, a steam pressure conducting line leading from the steam space of the boiler to the point desired for utilizing the steam pressure conducted therethrough, said line having interposed therein a normally closed, spring controlled controlling valve therefor for nor mally preventing the passage of steam pressure through said line, means acting upon the stem of said valve for normally maintaining the latter closed and including a pair of tug rods, a low water limiter including a fusible body, and a temperature limiter including a fusible body, said fusible body of said low water limiter positioned above the crown sheet of the fire box of the furnace, said fusible body of said temperature limiter positioned in the crown sheet of the fire box of the furnace, each fusible body being connected to a tug rod for maintaining said means active, and said bodies when fused permitting of the controlling spring of the valve to shift the latter to a position to open said line.

,4. In an automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators for indicating low water therein and abnormal working thereof, a steam pressure conducting line leading from the steam space of the boiler to the point desired for utilizing the steam pressure conduct-- ed therethrough, said line having interposed therein a normally closed, spring controlled controlling valve therefor for normally preventing the passage of steam pressure through said line, means acting upon the stem of said valve for normally maintaining the latter closed and including a pair of tug rods, a low water limiter including a fusible body, and a temperature limiter including a fusible body, said fusiblebody of said low water limiter positioned above the crown sheet of the fire box of the furnace, said fusible body of said temperature limiter positioned in the crown sheet of the fire box of the furnace, each fusible body being connected to a tug rod for maintaining said means active, said bodies when fused permitting of the controlling spring of the valve to shift the latter to a position to open said line, said means including a tube extending through the top wall of the steam space of the boiler and connected to said limiters and protecting said tug rods, and each of said limiters including means for protecting the fusible elements from steam and water.

5. An automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators for indicating low water therein and abnormal working thereof, a steam pressure conducting line leading from the steam space of the boiler to the point desired for the utilization of the steam pressure conducted by said line and having interposed therein a normally closed, spring controlled controlling valve therefor for nor mally preventing the passage of steam pressure through said line, means acting upon the stem of said valve for normally maintaining the latter closed and including a pair of tug rods, a low water limiter including a fusible body carrying an anchoring member coupled with one of the tug rods, a temperature limiter including a fusible body and an anchor carried thereby coupled with the other of the tug rods, anchors providing for normally maintaining said means active, and said bodies when fused releasing said anchors to permit of the controlling spring of the valve to shift the latter to a position to open said line for the passage of steam pressure therethrough.

6. An automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators for indicating low water therein and abnormal working thereof, a steam pressure conducting line leading from the steam space of the boiler to the point desired for the utilization of the steam pressure conducted by said line and having interposed therein a normally closed, spring controlled controlling valve therefor for normally preventing the passage of steam pressure through said line, means acting upon the stem of said valve for normally main taining the latter closed and including a pair of tug rods, a low water limiter including a fusible body carrying an anchoring member coupled with one of the tug rods, a temperature limit-er including a fusible body and an anchor carried thereby coupled with the other of the tug rods, anchors providing for normally maintaining said means active,

said bodies when fused releasing said anchors luv desired for the utilization of the steam pressure conducted by said line and having interposed therein a normally closed, spring controlled controlling valve therefor for normally preventing the passage of steam presmally maintaining said means active, and

said bodies when fused releasing said anchors to permit of the controlling spring of the valve to shift the latter to a position to open said line for the passage of steam pressure 3 therethrough, said means including tubes for protecting said tug rods, said tubes connected to said limiters, packing means for said tubes and each of said limiters including means for protecting the fusible bodies.

8. An automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators for indicating low water therein and abnormal working thereof, a steam pressure conducting line leadin from the steam space of the boiler to the point desired for the utilization of the steam pressure conducted by said line andhaving interposed therein a. normally closed, spring controlled controlling valve therefor for normally preventing the passage of steam pressure through said line, means acting upon the stem of said valve for normally maintaining the latter closed and including a pair of tug rods, a low water limiter including a fusible body carrying an anchoring member coupled with one of the tug rods, a temperature limiter including a fusible body and an anchor carried thereby coupled with the other of the tug rods, anchors providing for nor mally maintaining said means active, and

said bodies when fused releasingsaid anchors to permit of the controlling spring of the valve to shift the latter to a position to open said line for the passage of steam pressure therethrough, and said fusible body of said low water limiter being positioned above the crown sheet of the fire box of the furnace, and said fusible body of said temperature limiter being pOS'tlOllGCl in the crown sheet I of the fire box of the furnace.

9. In an automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators, a steam pressure operated control common to a fuel supply and an alarm and normally closed to a steam pressure supply, a steam pressureconducting line leading from the steam space of the boiler to said control and having interposed therein a normally closed spring controlled controlling valve therefor for closing it to prevent the passage of steam to said control, means acting upon the stem of said valve for normally maintaining the latter closed against the action of its controlling spring, a low water limiter including a fusible body, said limiter positioned above the crown sheet of the fire box of the boiler, and a temperature limiter including a fusible body, said temperature limiter positioned in the crown sheet of the fire box of the boiler, said fusible bodies coupled with said means for normally maintaining it active and adapted when fused to permit of the controlling spring of said valve to shift the latter to a position to open said line.

' i 10. In an automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators, a steam pressure operated control common to a fuel supply and an alarm and normally closed to a steam pressure supply, a steam pressure conducting line leading from the steam space of the boiler to said control-and having interposed therein a normally closed spring controlled controlling valve therefor for closing it to prevent the passage ofsteam to said control, means acting upon the stem of saidvalve for normally maintaining the latter closed against the action of its controlling spring, a low water limiter including a fusible body, said limiter positioned above the crown sheet of the fire box of the boiler, a temperature limiter including a fusible body, said temperature limiter positioned in the crown sheetof the fire box of the boiler, said fusible bodies coupled with said means for normally maintaining it active and adapted when fused to permit of the controlling spring of said valve to shift the latter to a position to open said line, said valve arranged above the top wall of the steam space of the boiler, and said means arranged above such wall, extending through the latter and into the steam space and coupled to said limiters.

11. In an automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators, a steam pressure operated control common to a fuel supply and an alarm and normally closed to a steam pressure supply, a steam pressure conducting line leading from the steam space of the boiler to said control and having interposed therein a normally closed spring controlled controllimiter including a fusible body, said fusible body of saidlow water limiter positioned above the crown sheet of the fire box of the furnace, said fusible body of said temperature limiter positioned in the crown sheet of the fire box of the furnace, each fusible body being connected to'a tug rod for maintaining said means active, said bodies when fused permitting of the controlling spring of the valve to shift the'latter to a position to open said line, said means including a tube extending through the top Wall of the steam space of the boiler and connected to said limiters and protecting said tug rods, and each of said limiters including means for protecting the fusible elements from steam and Water.

12. In an automatic safety system for steam boilers or generators, a steam pressure operated control common to a fuel supply and an alarm and normally closed to a steam pressure supply, a steam pressure conducting line leading from the steam space of the boiler to said control and having interposed therein a normally closed spring controlled controlling valve therefor for closing it to prevent the passage of steam to said control, means acting upon the stem of said valve for normally maintaining the latter closed and including a pair of tug rods, a low water limiter including a fusible body carrying an anchoring member coupled With one of the tug rods, a temperature limiter including a fusible body and an anchor carried thereby coupled with the other of the tug rods, anchors providing for normally maintaining said means active, and said bodies When fused releasing said anchors to permit of the controlling spring of the valve to shift the latter to a position to open said line for the passage of steam pressure therethrough.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature hereto.

SALVADOR I-IERREJON LOPEZ. 

